By Kadijatu Bangura, Daily Scope Reporter
A senior health expert from the World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a stark warning regarding the misuse of antibiotics in Sierra Leone, particularly among young women using these drugs to prevent or terminate pregnancies. The misuse is contributing to alarming levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the country.
Dr. Ibrahim Kamara, WHO Sierra Leone’s Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) National Focal Point, revealed that many women are incorrectly relying on antibiotics as a form of birth control, often consuming multiple tablets with soft drinks like Coca-Cola. Some also misuse antibiotics during menstruation to “clean their system” or for minor ailments that typically require no medication.
“Antibiotics do not prevent or terminate pregnancies. Established family planning methods exist for these purposes, including condoms, implants, injections, and emergency pills,” Dr. Kamara stated. He emphasized that the misuse of antibiotics can lead to increased resistance, a pressing global health issue that claims over one million lives annually.
The rise of AMR presents serious dangers, potentially jeopardizing routine procedures such as childbirth and minor surgeries. Dr. Kamara pointed out that young individuals aged 15 to 24 are significant contributors to this misuse, using antibiotics for pregnancy prevention, abortion, and during menstrual cycles.
He also debunked a prevalent myth that intravenous (IV) drugs are inherently stronger than oral medications, clarifying, “IV medications have the same strength as tablets and are intended for patients unable to take oral medication. They should not be administered at home.”
Major drivers of AMR in Sierra Leone include unregulated drug sales and substandard medications. Dr. Joseph Sam Kanu, AMR Focal Point at the National Public Health Agency, warned that medications sold on the street are often poorly handled, which diminishes their efficacy. “Those selling drugs on the street typically lack the knowledge required for safe handling,” he noted.
Kanu further stressed that many common ailments do not necessitate antibiotics but noted that lax regulations allow counterfeit and improperly stored drugs to flourish. He cautioned against self-medication, a trend that poses significant risks. “Self-medication can exacerbate health problems, contribute to antibiotic resistance, and pose threats to public health,” he said.
As World Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness Week unfolds, national authorities alongside the WHO are mobilizing efforts to enhance public education on responsible antibiotic use. Dr. Kamara mentioned that informative sessions are in the works for journalists, youth groups, and professional organizations to combat misinformation.
Both experts urged the public to obtain antibiotics solely through legitimate medical channels. “Use antibiotics only when prescribed by healthcare providers, and adhere strictly to their instructions. Sharing antibiotics is a risky practice,” Dr. Kamara advised. Dr. Kanu echoed this sentiment, stating, “We aim to educate the public that antibiotics are powerful medications and should not be treated casually.”
With the rise of antibiotic resistance and the growing prevalence of difficult-to-treat bacterial infections, health officials warn that Sierra Leone faces a critical threat unless trends in misuse change. The message for World AMR Awareness Week is unequivocal: act now, use antibiotics responsibly, and help preserve the effectiveness of these vital medications.
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